然后现在:文艺复兴时期的血液癌症治疗

Flash forward to today, where scientific innovation has greatly changed the treatment landscape for blood cancer, driven primarily by targeted therapies that disrupt cancer cell growth and survival.

Five-year survival rates for leukemia alone have nearly doubled from 34 percent in the mid-1970s to 66 percent in the early-mid 2000s, according to the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society.

Treatment changes in the past 10 years alone have proven life-changing for one person with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). At his time of diagnosis over a decade ago, Ben Greenlee’s doctor did something that may seem counterintuitive: He told Ben not to treat his blood cancer.

“He said, ‘Well, we don’t really have options now, but by the time you need it, there’ll be better options out there,’” Greenlee says. “Which didn’t sound as hopeful as he meant it, it felt like a death sentence.”

As it turns out, Greenlee’s doctor was indeed correct and now Ben has the right treatment plan.

While great strides have occurred, cancer researchers are motivated to continue advancing science for those with more aggressive and difficult to treat diseases, according to Steve Davidsen, Ph.D., vice president, oncology discovery research, AbbVie.

“The field of oncology is really in a renaissance time right now,” he says. “We’re making progress and slowly chipping away, but there is still a ton of unmet need and work ahead of us.

十几二十年前,一个人患有血癌面临一个狭窄的前进道路:化疗,辐射,可能是骨髓移植。在医院治疗了设置,5年存活率挂在青少年。

闪进到今天,科技创新已经极大地改变了景观治疗血液癌症,主要由靶向治疗,破坏癌细胞的生长和生存。

五年存活率仅为白血病几乎翻倍,从1970年代中期的34%在2000年代中后期到66%,根据白血病和淋巴瘤协会。

治疗变化仅在过去十年已经证明改变了一个人与慢性淋巴细胞白血病(CLL)。诊断十年前他的时候,本Greenlee似乎违反直觉的医生做了一些:他告诉本不去治疗他的血液癌症。

“他说,‘好吧,我们现在真的没有选择,但是在你需要它的时候,会有更好的选择,”“Greenlee说。”,听起来不一样希望他的意思,感觉就像一个死刑。”

事实证明,Greenlee的医生确实是正确的,现在本已经正确的治疗方案。

虽然发生了伟大的进步,癌症研究人员动机是继续推进科学对于那些有更积极的和难以治疗的疾病,据史蒂夫·戴维森——博士,副总裁,发现肿瘤研究,AbbVie。

“肿瘤学领域确实是在文艺复兴时期的时间现在,”他说。“我们正在取得进展,慢慢削弱,但仍然有大量的未满足的需要和我们前面的工作。

In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), for example, cancer starts in the bone marrow. It most often develops from cells that would eventually become white blood cells. In another leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), cancer develops within a specific type of white blood cell called B cells.

The longtime standard of care for blood cancer, chemotherapy, wipes out not only cancer cells but also other healthy cells. This challenge prompted researchers studying both blood cancers and solid tumors to find ways to target only cancer cells

AbbVie’s unique strategy and emphasis on cellular biology is what led to uncovering a new field of regulated cell death in certain leukemias, Davidsen says.

“We look at mechanisms that are essential for cancer cells to survive and propagate, and that may take us to hematological malignancies or to solid tumors,” he says. “It’s a matter of being tenacious so we can reveal the really interesting molecules.”

大多数在骨髓血液癌症,他们影响血液细胞是如何产生和功能。血液癌症是由三个主要类型:白血病、淋巴瘤和骨髓瘤,超过100个亚型。

在急性髓系白血病(AML),例如,癌症在骨髓中开始。它通常从细胞最终会发展成为白细胞。在另一个白血病、慢性淋巴细胞白血病(CLL),癌症发展在一个特定类型的白细胞称为B细胞。

长期的护理标准的血液癌症,化疗,湿巾不仅癌细胞,而且其他的健康细胞。这一挑战促使研究血液肿瘤和实体肿瘤找到目标只有癌细胞的方法

AbbVie独特的战略,强调细胞生物学是导致发现的新领域监管在某些白血病细胞死亡,Davidsen说。

“我们看看机制,肿瘤细胞的生存和增殖至关重要,这需要我们血液恶性肿瘤或固体肿瘤,”他说。“这是一个重要的顽强的所以我们可以揭示了非常有趣的分子。”

A hematologist-oncologist by training, Potluri and her team are focused on designing trials in areas of unmet medical need, sometimes rare cancers with little existing treatment options. Persistence is key in advancing trials, because these patients can’t wait, Potluri says. One project her team worked on went from the clinical program to approved medication in 4 years, a process that can typically take 10 years or more.

“Being a leukemia doctor, I can’t say enough how exhilarating that experience was,” Potluri says. “We were able to impact a disease with many sub-types and great unmet medical need.”

韧性也反映在AbbVie方法的临床团队,一旦他们进步分子在其旅程成为医学、根据Jalaja Potluri,医学博士执行医疗主任,AbbVie。

培训hematologist-oncologist, Potluri和她的团队专注于设计试验区域的未满足的医疗需要,有时罕见癌症现有的治疗方案。坚持是关键在推进试验,因为这些病人等不及,Potluri说。她的团队的工作从4年临床程序批准的药物,这一过程通常需要10年或更多。

“作为一个白血病的医生,我不能说足够的经验是多么让人欣喜,“Potluri说。“我们能够影响疾病和许多亚型和伟大的未满足的医疗需要。”

“A greater understanding of disease and investment in laboratory research helps us design more efficient clinical trials and get new treatments to patients faster,” he says. “The science fiction of my childhood is science reality today.”

Scientists are driven to increase understanding even further, bolstered by innovation in genetics and genomics as well as precision medicine, Davidsen says. For example, scientists can now dig deeper in the genetic differences between subsets of people with a particular type of cancer, which can help identify a tailored approach.

More advancements are on this horizon with both antibody and cell-based therapies along with what Davidsen calls the next generation of agents that cause cancer cells to undergo alternative forms of regulated cell death.

“The science can take you down so many paths you didn’t even think about,” he says. “That’s what gets us up in the morning – you begin to think of new science and new possibilities for patients.”

科学新技术和方法已经加快了速度,使小说在血液癌症疗法的发展,有可能成为改变游戏规则的患者,根据研究员AbbVie医疗行政总监吉姆·迪安狗万正网地址

“更好的理解疾病和投资在实验室研究帮助我们设计更有效的临床试验和新的治疗方法的病人更快,”他说。“今天我的童年是科学现实的科幻小说。”

科学家们正在推动进一步增进了解,由于遗传学和基因组学以及精密医学创新,Davidsen说。例如,科学家现在可以深入子集之间的遗传差异的特定类型的癌症,它可以帮助确定一个定制的方法。

更多的进步在这地平线与抗体和细胞疗法以及Davidsen所说的下一代特工导致癌细胞进行替代形式的调节细胞死亡。

“科学可以带你你甚至不考虑这么多路径,”他说。“这就是让我们早上起床,你开始认为新的科学的新可能性。”